为研究多环芳烃类物质尤其是硝基多环芳烃对细胞DNA链的破坏作用以及多环芳烃发生光化学反应后毒性的变化情况,本论文选用碱性彗星分析(单细胞凝胶电泳)实验作为实验方法进行研究.
    实验首先采用紫外光作为阳性对照物对鼠淋巴细胞进行紫外诱变实验,以建立适用于本实验的彗星分析毒性评价体系；随后采用昆明鼠淋巴细胞作为实验细胞,以不同浓度的蒽、9-硝基蒽、9-乙基-10-硝基蒽作为毒性参照物,观察其在不同紫外光照射时间和无光条件下与鼠淋巴细胞作用后的彗星状荧光图像.观察指标为彗星状荧光图像的尾部DNA百分含量(TailDNA％)、尾长(TailLength)、尾距(TailMoment)、Olive尾距(OliveTailMoment)四项指标.   
    结果显示：蒽、9-硝基蒽、9-乙基-10-硝基蒽三种化合物在无光照、紫外照射条件下均对鼠淋巴细胞造成损伤,同时由于化合物本身发生光化学反应,使得细胞所受损伤的毒性来源发生变化.同时TailDNA％、TailLength、TailMoment、OliveTailMoment四项指标所呈现的曲线形式不同,其中OliveTailMoment线性趋势最好,建议采用OliveTailMoment作为首选评价指标,其他指标作为辅助指标,多指标共同评估的评价体系.
    研究结果表明：具有光化学活性的PAHs类物质可以与紫外光共同作用,通过接触、摄入等途径对生物体内细胞产生毒害作用.
    In order to investigate the toxicity of PAH (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) especially that of the NPAH (nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons), and the change of the toxicity after PAHs are exposed to UV, we imply Comet Assay (single cell gel electrophoresis) as our methods.
    To begin with, lymphocyte of white mouse is selected as the target cell, and UV is chosen as the positive control to set up the evaluation system fit for my experiment. In the following steps, we use anthracene, 9-nitro- anthracene, 9-ethyl-10-nitro-anthracene as the test compounds to process the Comet Assay, then we analyze the photo to get the data we need. TailDNA%, TailLength, TailMoment and OliveTailMoment are the four indicators.
    The experimental results show that anthracene, 9-nitro-anthracene and 9-ethyl-10-nitroanthracene can cause lymphocyte damaged when exposed to UV or keeped in darkness. As the photochemistry reaction proceeding, the ingredients attribute to the toxicity have also changed. Meanwhile figures are different according to different indicators, OliveTailMoment figure show good linear trend, so we suggest this indicator as the best indicator, and the others need to use the complement indicators in order to make a good evaluation.
     At last we conclude the cooperative activities of both UV and PAHs, and the toxicity of toxicity of organism

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